Which set of strategies includes summarizing, clarifying, asking questions, using graphic organizers, and visualizing to support understanding?

• A. Comprehension Strategies
• B. Explicit Instruction
• C. Systematic and Cumulative Instruction
• D. Diagnostic Teaching

Answer: (A)

These tools are what readers use to make meaning from text. Summarizing helps capture the main ideas in your own words, which checks that you’ve understood what you read. Clarifying targets any parts that are fuzzy and resolves them by rereading or asking for help. Asking questions turns reading into an active inquiry, prompting predictions, inferences, and checks on understanding. Graphic organizers give a visual structure to organize ideas and relationships from the text, making it easier to see how information fits together. Visualizing engages you in creating mental images as you read, which deepens comprehension and memory. Collectively, these strategies form a set of comprehension strategies designed to support understanding of text.

The other options describe broader instructional approaches rather than a specific set of strategies. Explicit instruction is about how a teacher delivers material and often includes modeling and guided practice, but it’s not the name for the set of strategies themselves. Systematic and cumulative instruction refers to the way content is sequenced and reinforced over time, not the particular strategies used to enhance understanding. Diagnostic teaching focuses on assessing students’ understanding and adjusting instruction accordingly, rather than listing the strategies used to aid comprehension.