Which processor is described as recognizing, remembering, and working with the sounds in spoken language?

• A. Phonological Processor
• B. Orthographic Processor
• C. Meaning Processor
• D. Content Processor

Answer: (A)

Phonological processing is the ability to recognize, remember, and work with the sounds of spoken language. This item describes exactly that: recognizing the sounds of speech (phonemes), holding sequences of those sounds in memory for short periods, and actively manipulating them to understand or produce spoken words. This combination—identifying sounds, maintaining them in phonological memory, and working with them to blend or segment words—maps directly to how we process the sound structure of language. The other terms would relate more to written forms (letters and spelling), or to meaning and ideas, rather than to the sound aspects of spoken language.